Are You In a Judicial or Non-Judicial State?
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Content provided from www.consumerwarningnetwork.com and law firm of James, Hoyer, Newcomer, Smiljanich & Yanchunis, P.A. www.jameshoyer.com


Why is this important?
In some states, such as Georgia, California, and Texas, a Lender can foreclose on your home without going to court.  These are non-judicial states.

One way to stall foreclosure is to ask the lender to "Produce the Note" to prove that it has the actual authority to foreclose by requiring it to officially produce the original promissory note in the lawsuit.  This is more straightforward in judicial states where there is a foreclosure lawsuit.  In non-judicial states, however, where there is no lawsuit, the homeowner has to take the extra steps to file a lawsuit against the party trying to foreclose.
See Produce the Note strategies for Judicial and Non-judicial states. 

The below chart is a general guide only.  Check your state statutes for up-to-date procedures.  Foreclosure type will most often be either judicial or non-judicial.  Months to foreclose include the legal minimum required and the probable time length once foreclosure has begun.  Deficiency judgments are available in some states if the lender loses money through the foreclosure process, but it is not practical for a lender to enforce such a judgment; consequently, it is generally not attempted.  Homeowner redemption after foreclosure is possible in some states.  Time periods are listed where available.

STATE

TYPE OF FORECLOSURE

MONTHS TO FORECLOSE

MINIMUM/
EXPECTED

DEFICIENCY
JUDGMENT

REDEMPTION
PERIOD

Alabama

PrimarilyNon-Judicial

1/3

Possible and Practical

12 Months

Alaska

Both

3/4

Not Practical

None

Arizona

Both

3/4

Not Practical

None

Arkansas

Both

4/5

Possible and Practical

None

California

PrimarilyNon-Judicial

4/4

Not Practical

None

Colorado

Both

2/5

Possible and Practical

75 Days

Connecticut

Judicial/Strict

5/6

Possible and Practical

None

Delaware

Judicial

3/7

Possible and Practical

None

District ofColumbia

Non-Judicial

2/4

Possible and Practical

None

Florida

Judicial

5/5

Possible and Practical

None

Georgia

PrimarilyNon-Judicial

2/2

Possible and Practical

None

Hawaii

PrimarilyNon-Judicial

3/4

Not Practical

None

Idaho

Non-Judicial

5/6

Possible and Practical

None

Illinois

Judicial

7/10

Possible and Practical

None

Indiana

Judicial

5/7

Possible and Practical

3 Months

Iowa

Both

5/6

Not Practical

6 Months,if judicial

Kansas

Judicial

4/4

Possible and Practical

6-12 Months

Kentucky

Judicial

6/5

Possible and Practical

None

Louisiana

Judicial

2/6

Possible and Practical

None

Maine

Primarily Judicial

6/10

Possible and Practical

None

Maryland

Judicial

2/2

Possible and Practical

None

Massachusetts

Non-Judicial

3/4

Possible and Practical

None

Michigan

Both

2/2

Possible and Practical

6 Months

Minnesota

Both

2/3

Not Practical

6 Months

Mississippi

PrimarilyNon-Judicial

2/3

Possible andPractical

None

Missouri

PrimarilyNon-Judicial

2/2

Possible andPractical

None

Montana

PrimarilyNon-Judicial

5/5

Not Practical

None

Nebraska

Judicial

5/6

Possible andPractical

None

Nevada

PrimarilyNon-Judicial

4/4

Possible and Practical

None

New Hampshire

PrimarilyNon-Judicial

2/3

Possible and Practical

None

New Jersey

Judicial

3/10

Possible and Practical

10 Days

New Mexico

Judicial

4/6

Possible and Practical

None

New York

Judicial

4/8

Possible and Practical

None

North Carolina

Non-Judicial

2/4

Possible and Practical

None

North Dakota

Judicial

3/5

Not Possible

60 Days

Ohio

Judicial

5/7

Possible and Practical

None

Oklahoma

Primarily Judicial

4/7

Possible and Practical

None

Oregon

Non-Judicial

5/5

Not Practical

None

Pennsylvania

Judicial

3/9

Not Practical

None

Rhode Island

Both

2/3

Possible and Practical

None

South Carolina

Judicial

6/6

Not Practical

None

Tennessee

Non-Judicial

2/2

Possible and Practical

None

Texas

Non-Judicial

2/2

Possible and Practical

None

Utah

Both

4/5

Possible and Practical

None

Vermont

Both

7/10

Possible and Practical

None

Virginia

Non-Judicial

2/2

Possible and Practical

None

Washington

Non-Judicial

4/5

Not Practical

None

West Virginia

Non-Judicial

2/2

Possible and Practical

None

Wisconsin

Judicial

varies/10

Not Practical

None

Wyoming

Non-Judicial

2/3

Possible and Practical

3 Months

Source: www.ConsumerWarningNetwork.com

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